Showing posts with label Gold. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Gold. Show all posts

Sunday, October 13, 2024

Weaving Lessons from Lost Dreams: A Consideration of the California Gold Rush


The article discusses the common phenomenon of men in California, particularly in the mining industry, who blame their lack of success on "hard luck" but fail to recognize that their own actions and choices contribute significantly to their failures. The article highlights two main groups: one group that falls into debauchery, gambling, and idleness, accumulating debts and ruining themselves both morally and financially; and another group that allows excuses for idleness to take over, making them unproductive and reliant on the more industrious miners. The article emphasizes the importance of avoiding idleness and taking responsibility for one's actions to achieve success. Additionally, there is a humorous anecdote about a bottle of brandy being delivered to the office.


Weaving Lessons from Lost Dreams

The original article titled 'Out of Luck' provides insight into an interesting socioeconomic phenomenon from the time period in which it was written. It appears to reflect a certain form of social commentary during the mid-to-late 19th century California, likely during the Gold Rush era. This context focuses on the concept of 'luck' and how it's blamed by many for their current lot in life. The writer digs deep into societal observations of the time, criticizing groups for their indecisions and lack of initiative.

The writer indicates that, “How often we hear men in the strength and vigor of manhood complaining of their 'hard luck,' that they cannot make a raise, and giving up all hope of ever getting ahead.” This reflects the despair felt by many individuals who were drawn to California in the hope of finding prosperity but often ended up disillusioned and unsuccessful.

The mid-19th century saw thousands of miners, known as 49ers, flock to California due to the discovery of gold in 1848. As the author talks about classes of men who were involved in mining, it is highly plausible that the greater context of this article is set during the California Gold Rush period. The writer strongly criticizes both the men who succumb to idle habits and debauchery, and those who use shallow excuses to justify their idleness: “by and by their idle spells are numbered by weeks; scenes of debauchery are nightly enacted; what little money they may have had is swallowed up at the gambling table and bar…”

Furthermore, there's a critique to those who make "plausible excuses for idleness; they all have claims, but somehow or other all things can never be made propitious for working them." This paints a picture of the economic struggles and the challenging living conditions during the Gold Rush era. It's clear that not everyone struck it rich and vast numbers resorted to less moralistic means for survival, creating a vicious cycle of consequences.

The author implies a personal responsibility rather than external factors for the problems, stating in the end, “Avoid idleness, then, for to this cause can be attributed the fall of many in California. Had they steadily pursued their labors without allowing themselves these idle hours spent around gambling houses wherein all sorts of vicious habits were contracted, they might yet be what once they were…” This provides a sagacious advice to the readers but also allows us to postulate on the prevailing societal circumstances during the period in which this was written.

The part of the article about the bottle of brandy shows an intriguing vignette of the social interactions and daily life of the people occupying the same milieu. It can be interpreted as a commonplace attempt at camaraderie, or as a metaphor for the temptations that many Californians faced during the Gold Rush.

Overall this article provides significant insights into the character, struggles, and societal norms of mid-19th century California.

Narrative Exposition:

From the dawn of human history, the allure of treasure has propelled individuals towards the unknown, their paths lit by the glow of ambition. Yet, the tapestry of life reveals not just golden threads of triumph but also dark strands of lost dreams and missed opportunities. Among these are the figures central to the tale of California's Gold Rush, men caught in a tragic chorus of “hard luck” that echoes their painful failures.

This narrative paints an illuminating observation: “It would be remarkably challenging to convince this plethora of men in California that more often than not, their misfortune was rooted within themselves.” The blend of circumstances responsible for these ill-fated outcomes ranged from unfounded fantasies of instant wealth to a lack of grit and an affinity toward lethargy.

Many such adventurers, seduced by a seeming promise of quick riches, were confronted by a cruel reality that swiftly disillusioned them. The demanding conditions, combined with the relentless grind required to gain even a fragment of success, was a mountain too steep for many. Their resolve crumbled under the weight of arduous effort, trapping them in a vicious cycle of despair and self-sabotage. In essence, their worst enemy was not the landscape or their circumstances, but their own inclination toward vices such as procrastination, gambling, and excessive drinking.

Yet another contingent, though not prone to such reckless indulgence, let their zeal dim in the face of hardship. This 'lethargic lot' leveraged every excuse to evade the strenuous work required, forever postponing their efforts for a proverbial tomorrow that never came.

Reflecting on the societal repercussions of this frantic gold-panning era reveals that the pursuit of quick prosperity often eclipsed the enduring virtues of diligence, resolve, and self-control. One cannot help but wonder: What if they had fought the odds with tenacity instead of bowing out? It seems reasonable that they could have emerged as resilient giants, their dreams tempered and refined by tenacity and restraint.

Regrettably, the past is a stream that flows only one way, permitting no return or correction. Yet these historic experiences, despite their ring of failure, serve as invaluable teaching moments rather than purely tales of regret. An exploration of these downward spirals underscores the fleeting charm of success rooted in shortcuts and self-indulgence.

Yearning to ascribe their misfortunes to 'bad luck', they neglected a fundamental principle: Fortune, according to the Roman philosopher Seneca, favors the persistent. Their ill-fated journey can be attributed less to cruel fate and more to the disfigurement of their ambitions. Their persistence faltered into inertia, ambition into desperation, and dreams into a mirage of temporary comfort and fleeting joy. The culprit of their undoing was not so much 'bad luck', but rather their own self-induced downfall born of wavering determination and a penchant for capitulation.

Revisiting this historical period, the fundamental lesson rings clear: ‘Bad luck’ is often less an external affliction, and more a reflection of our internal pitfalls — our tendency towards laziness and our weakened resolve. Tales like these serve as timeless reminders of the essential role of steady effort and discipline in our quest to attain our goals. It is often we who stand in the way of our own success, and the Californian miners resonate as a powerful allegory for this human tendency.

Yet, even within these somber stories, fragments of perseverance glint amidst the shadows, like gold veins within a coarse rock. Despite the bleak landscape etched into these periods of history, traces of strength, resilience, and hope glimmer subtly. They gently nudge us to dig a little deeper, forge resilience against life’s tempests, and shape our destinies rather than being shaped by them.

Remember, tales from the past are not just dusty archives; they are lessons delicately woven into human history, awaiting the discerning eye to unearth and absorb. As we set our gaze upon future endeavors, it would serve us well to recall that we are indeed the architects of our own destinies —and our character is crafted more often in the furnace of determination than under the strike of luck.

Key Phrases:

1. 'California Gold Rush' - This refers to the rapid influx of fortune seekers in California between 1848 and 1855. For further reading and research, please see this [Encyclopedia Britannica article](https://www.britannica.com/event/California-Gold-Rush).

2. 'hard luck' and 'misfortune' among miners - This relates to the hardships and difficulties that miners faced during the Gold Rush. For further reading and research, see this [National Park Service article](https://www.nps.gov/articles/000/life-of-a-49er-part-1.htm).

3. 'lethargic lot' and 'diligence, resolve, and self-control' - This set of phrases emphasizes the importance of work ethic and mental resilience. For further reading, see articles on grit and self-control from [American Psychologist](https://psycnet.apa.org/record/2007-14834-002?doi=1).

4. 'Seneca' and 'Fortune, according to the Roman philosopher Seneca, favors the persistent.' - This phrase refers to a quote from Seneca, a Stoic philosopher, on persistence. For further reading on Seneca and his thoughts, see resources on Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy's [Seneca page](https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/seneca/).

5. 'self-induced downfall born of wavering determination' - This concept refers to self-sabotage and inertia in the way of our goals. For further reading, consider this [Psychology Today article](https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/inviting-monkey-tea/201901/self-sabotage-101).

**Citation**: Trinity Journal
- Out of Luck., 1856-04-26
https://cdnc.ucr.edu/
University of California Riverside Digital Newspaper Archive


Original Article:

How often we hear men in the strength and vigor of manhood complaining of their “hard luck,” that they cannot make a raise, and giving up all hope of ever getting ahead. It would he very difficult to induce this numerous class of men in California to believe that the cause, in nine eases out of ten, of their ill success exists within themselves.— They become too easily discouraged; they imagine success to be too easily accomplished. Many, it is true, start in earnest to achieve their object, but unfortunately their perseverance and energy are of short duration; they unconsciously, perhaps, to themselves relax their industrious habits; they begin to spend whole days, when they should be at work, hanging around the towns; by and by their idle spells are numbered by weeks; scenes of debauchery are nightly enacted; what little money they may have had is swallowed up at the gambling table and bar, and in other dissipations which are if possible worse even than gambling or drinking; debts to as large an amount as they can get trusted for are contracted, and when at last an awakening feeling of the grievous injury they have inflicted upon themselves breaks in upon their minds, the apparently utter hopelessness of ever being enabled to extricate themselves from the deplorable moral and pecuniary ruin into which they have voluntarily plunged, is indeed enough to cause despair. There is another class of men in the mines who do not perhaps dissipate a great deal, who allow idleness to grow upon them until they become too indolent to work. This class have unfortunately too many plausible excuses for idleness; they all have claims, but somehow or other all things can never be made propitious for working them, for at one time there will be too much water, at another not enough. Thus they go on from year to year, managing to get out just enough gold to keep their credit good. We find them after years spent in this country, absolutely good for nothing, drones, living upon the more industrious miner—for by the ready pay of these, the merchant is enabled to take the chances in crediting this indolent class. Avoid idleness, then, for to this cause can be attributed the fall of many in California. Had they steadily pursued their labors without allowing themselves these idle hours spent around gambling houses wherein all sorts of vicious habits were contracted, they might yet be what once they were; and if those who have given way to the gratification of evil passions, will but cast off like men the thraldom which binds them, they will find “bad luck” exists only in their own inclination and lack of determination to accomplish their desired aims. OH, SAMIVEL !—Quite unknown to the editor of this paper—who is an exemplary member of the Order of Sons of Temperance —a bottle, long, black and ominous, entered the office last evening in charge of a special messenger. The junior partner, imitating partially the example set by his worthy senior, “touches not”—as a general thing–– and so the distinguished visitor was handed over to the courtesies of the “jour.” Mr. O. B. Smith, who by these presents doth solelmnly acknowledge himself debtor to “Sam” of the Magnolia, for a bottle of a leetle of the best brandy cocktail this side of Jordan. And further deponent saith not, confidently relying upon the reader’s imagination to furnish the finale.

 

A Nostalgic Journey Through the Express Banking Era and Its Abiding Influence

 

The article is an advertisement for an express and banking office in Weaver, California, connected with Wells, Fargo & Co. and Pacific Express Co. The services offered include collections, general express business, sight drafts on various cities, exchange for sale on Atlantic cities, drafts on Canada, and receiving special and general deposits. The office also buys gold dust at the highest market rate. Additionally, there are legal summons and court orders published in the article related to a lawsuit filed against James O. Watkins and Chester Witter. Another part of the article advertises Jesse Rhodes in Weaver offering high prices for gold dust and exchange services on Atlantic cities. Lastly, Sawyer's Express is mentioned, offering weekly express services to various locations and handling packages, letters. . . 
 

F.W. Blake & Co


Based on the provided text, it appears that the article is an advertisement for the services of various express and banking companies in the mid-19th century, most notably F. W. Blake & Co., which connected with prominent firms like Wells Fargo & Co., and Pacific Express Co in Shasta, California. The list of cities indicates a vast network spanning multiple states and providing banking services and transfers to those places.

One quote, "EXCHANGE FOR SALE ON THE FOLLOWING ATLANTIC CITIES" suggests that this was a period of punctilious economic transactions, both within and across state lines. The list of cities, including Chicago, New York, and many smaller towns, points to the integrative economy of the era. The advert also highlights the ability to exchange currency, even across national borders, when one notes the phrase, "DRAFTS ON CANADA, PAYABLE IN Montreal, Toronto,…"

Another section appears to detail a legal summons involving financial issues, detailing a pending legal case and asserting "You are hereby summoned to answer the complaint…If you fail to answer said complaint as herein directed, the plaintiff's will take judgment against you by default…". This legal summons emphasizes that litigation and monetary disputes were a common aspect of financial enterprises of this era, pointing to an intertwined relationship between the legal and financial spheres in the managing of economic matters.

Meanwhile, the text's references to "GOLD DUST" and "HIGHEST PRICE PAID FOR GOLD DUST" indicate that this was during the Gold Rush period, given the significance of gold dust as a form of currency. This outlines the importance of gold during this era, which coincides with California's gold rush in the late 1840s and 1850s.

Overall, the original article provides important historical insight into mid-19th century banking, express, and legal methods, as well as the economic environment during the Gold Rush era in the United States, particularly in California.

Narrative Exposition:

Delving into the rich tapestry of the American financial sector history, we can uncover a fascinating deviation: a captivating document on the banking operations of F.W. Blake & Co. in the mid-19th century. This historic evidence offers us a unique vantage point to peer into our financial past, paving the path to appreciate the industry's boundless progress. Moreover, it highlights the enduring legacy of certain ancient frameworks that continue to fortify our contemporary financial establishments. This enlightening peek into the era illuminates not only the historical facts but also provides us with essential context central to understanding the intersection of modern-day corporations and trade.

In this intriguing document, dating approximately back to 1856, F.W. Blake & Co. emerges as a prominent pioneer in the realm of express banking in California. Collaborating with substantial firms like Wells, Fargo & Co., and Pacific Express Co., F.W. Blake & Co. navigated the critical undertakings of collections, sight drafts, and homegrown as well as international financial exchanges. A retrospective gaze reveals banking's early strides from local-scale operations to a widespread, and significantly, interstate entities.

Sifting through the document, we encounter listings of numerous Atlantic cities, signifying the impressive pan-national connections that express banking of the era, as exemplified by F.W. Blake & Co., was beginning to establish. Their services spanned cities as far-flung as Adrian, Michigan to Auburn, New York, thereby knitting together a nation still in the process of emerging in its full modern reflexivity.

What's remarkable is the sheer breadth of locations covered by F.W. Blake & Co. in the eastern United States. "EXCHANGE FOR SALE ON THE FOLLOWING ATLANTIC CITIES: Adrian, Mich, Alton, 111. Anderson. Ind... Cincinnati, Ohio, Cleveland, Ohio, Columbus, Ohio..." The onward list is a testament to their formidable reach.

Interestingly, their sphere of operations wasn't restricted to American soil. The document also mentions business operations in Canadian cities like Montreal, Toronto, and Quebec, reminiscent of the multi-pronged approach taken by most futuristic fin-tech firms and multinational banks today, centuries later.

The varied customer service offerings, including acceptance of both "Special and General Deposits," mirrors the customizability of contemporary banking. This significant cue underlines that the quest for superior customer service has always been the lifeblood of banking's evolution.

One might ponder, "how does a 19th-century express banking company hold relevance to our current financial landscape?" To resolve this query, we have to view the banking sector as a layered masterpiece, threaded together by ceaseless exploration, innovation and progress over centuries. Sure, the technology, regulations, and scope have experienced seismic shifts since F.W. Blake & Co.'s operations, but the objective has largely remained unwavering - to stimulate trade, ease financial transactions and foster economic equilibrium.

F.W. Blake & Co. found their footing during an era when America, and particularly the West Coast, were still in their nascent stages. A world away from today's mature markets, establishments like F.W. Blake & Co. played the role of pioneers in this new frontier, blazing the trails that are still trodden in today's financial landscape.

While the name F.W. Blake & Co. may have faded into historical obscurity, their legacy, along with that of countless other trailblazers, continues to resonate in the grand narrative of banking and finance. Understanding their contributions and learning from their practices does not just feed our historical curiosity but also imparts invaluable lessons, still salient in contemporary conditions.

The tale of pioneers like F.W. Blake & Co. showcases the unyielding determination, adaptability, and resourcefulness needed to thrive in an ever-changing landscape of finance and commerce. These early strides laid the groundwork, some of which still stands as the backbone of our current financial system.

Armed with a nuanced understanding of our financial heritage, we are better equipped to steer the future's course. As we stand on the brink of another transformative shift courtesy of digital innovation, reflecting on our financial history becomes paramount for insight, caution, and inspiration. The wisdom that lies inescapably embedded in the operations of firms like F.W. Blake & Co. can provide a navigational compass as we venture forward into the unchartered waters of the future economy.

References:
F. W. BLAKE &. CO’S EXPRESS & BANKING OFFICE. CONNECTING AT SHASTA WITH WELLS, FARGO & CO. & PACIFIC EXPRESS Co.

Key Phrases:

1. 'F.W. Blake & Co.' - This was a significant banking company in the mid-19th century in America. For more context, you might find relevant information in American financial history books or records, but direct sources are scarce online.

2. 'Wells, Fargo & Co.' - Wells Fargo is a notable American multinational financial services company. For further reading, see [Wells Fargo's History](https://www.wellsfargo.com/about/corporate/history).

3. 'Pacific Express Co.' - Pacific Express Co. was a prominent express service provider in the 19th century. For more information, check this article about [Express Companies in the 19th Century America](https://www.jstor.org/stable/1903103).

4. 'Express Banking in California' - The history of banking in California has helped shape the current financial landscape. For further reading, see this book titled [Banking in California](https://www.amazon.com/Banking-California-1850-1930-James-Schenk/dp/1933904800).

5. 'Atlantic cities' - The connections between Atlantic cities and the western United States in the 19th century demonstrate major financial routes. For further reading, see these articles on the [Economic History of the United States](https://www.econlib.org/library/Enc1/EconomicHistoryoftheUnitedStates.html).

6. 'Montreal, Toronto, and Quebec' - Meaningful Canadian connections to American express banking existed. For further reading, see the [History of Canadian Banking](https://www.bankofcanada.ca/2019/02/staff-analytical-note-2019-8/).

7. 'Special and General Deposits' - This kind of banking was common in the 19th century. For further reading, check this article [On the origins of savings](https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/business-history-review/article/origins-of-savings/7157A79362F1DF6AAC3912F24EA94D74).

8. 'Express & Banking Office' - Express and banking offices were typical establishments during the 19th-century American banking system. Further reading is recommended in this article on [History of Late 19th Century America](https://www.loc.gov/teachers/classroommaterials/presentationsandactivities/presentations/timeline/riseind/west/west.html).

9. 'Shasta' - Shasta might refer to a historic location important in 19th-century California financial history. Further reading about [Shasta in the Gold Rush](https://www.visitcalifornia.com/experience/shasta-cascade/).

**Citation**: Trinity Journal
- F. W. BLAKE &. CO.’S, 1856-11-29
https://cdnc.ucr.edu/ University of California Riverside Digital Newspaper Archive

Original Article:

EXPRESS Si BANKI1R OFFICE. CONNECTING AT SHASTA WITH WELLS,FARGO&Co., & PACIFIC KXIVKFSS Co. (COLLECTIONS nuulc. and n general Express j business attended to. SIGHT DRAFTS at par on SHASTA. MARYSVILLE. SACRAMENTO, and SAN FRANCISCO. WELLS, FARGO & CO. S EXCHANGE FOR SALE ON THE FOLLOWING ATLANTIC CITIES : Adrian, Mich, Alton, 111. Anderson. Ind. Amt Arbor, Mich. Auburn, N. V. Rutile Creek, Mich. Beloit, Win. lielvideve. 111. liiughumtoii. N. V. Bloomington. 111. Roston, Si ass. Bulfiilo, N. V. Burlington, Iowu, Cambridge, lnd. Canandaigua, N. V. t'hicngo, 111. Cincinnati, Ohio, l 'lovelund, < 'hio, ( olumbus, Ohio, Corning. N. V. Crawlordsville. Ind. Davenport. Iow u, Dayton, Ohio, Delaware. Ohio, Detroit, Mieli. Dowigiac. Mich. Dubmiue, Iowa, Dunkirk, N. S’. Elgin, 111. Elkhart, lnd. Elmira, N. Y. Elyra, Ohio, Erie. I’a. l oud du Lac, Wis. Fort Wayne, lnd. Freeport, 111. Freemont, Ohio, Galena, 111. Geneva, N. Y. Green Castle, Ind. Hamilton. Ohio, Indianapolis, lnd. Jackson, Mieli. Janesville, U is. Kalamazoo. Mieh. Kenosha, Wis. Kenton, ()hio, K. okuk, Iowa, l.a Fayette, 1 1 id. I. Salle, lnd. Lewiston, N. Y. l.uekporl. N. Y. J. Ky. Madison, \\ is. Mansfield, Ohio, 1 Marion, Ohio, !Marshall, Mieh. {Michigan City, lnd. 1 Middletown. Ohio, {Milwaukee, Wis. ;Monroe, Mieli. ; tit. Vernon. Ohio, 'Newark, (V ] xew York. N. Y. : Niagara Falls, N. Y. ' Niles, Mieh. { Norwalk. O. < iberlin.O. ; )sw ego. N. Y. { iwego, N. Y. i/ainesville, O. D’coria, 111. Peru, til. {i’eru, lnd. h’hiladelphin, Fa. L’iqual O. {Routine. Mieh. iRottsville, l’a. Providence, R. I. ; Quincy, 111. {Racine, Wis. Heading. Da. {Richmond, lnd. .Rochester, N. Y. j Rockford, HI. jliock Island, ill. j-iandusky, O. -heboygan, Wis. ; sidney, O. j silver Creek, N. Y. I south l’.eml, lnd. I spriilgllebl. 111. ■Springfield, O. Ht. Soltis, Mo. ; Stonington, Conn. 'Syracuse, N. Y. ' l’erre Haute, Ind. ! i'ifllin, o. j folcdo. O. i t’roy, 0. Crbanu. O. D'tiea, N. Y. (iVaukegan. 111. i t esttield, N. \ . < Vest Liberty, O. j Vinchestcr, lnd. ! Xeniu, O. \ i psilunti, Mieh. ' .ane.'Ville. O. I DRAFTS ON CANADA, l’AYAJ’.EE IN Montreal, Toronto, St. Catharines, Quebec, London, Chatham, Hamilton, Dranttord. Spccixil .ansi General Deposits lUceivrd. (; < > 1 . 1 > DUST not OUT AT Tilt: IIIOIILST MMIKF.T HATCH. Offick Iii new Fire-I’roof Jiuilding, 2 doors above the Independence Hotel. F. W. BLAKE & CO. Weaver, Del. 25, IS,50. 40-tf. w He \ win n»ih « » ***» • STATE OF CALIFORNI A, I County of Trinity, j ' ’ In the District Court of the 15th Jud. Dist. Hull, Haker -V I(obbiiir, I'luintiffs , vs Watkins ami Wilier, litfeiulanlt. rn II E I’EOl’I.i; OF THE STATE OF CALII FORMA. To JAMES O. WATKINS and CHESTER WITTER : You are hereby summon >d to answer the complaint of Alplieas Dull, George D. Iluki r and William Robbins, filcu against you, as follows : If l i ved on you in this County, w ithin ten days ; if served out of said County and in this Judicial District within twenty days; in all other eases within forty days, in each case exclusive of the day of such service, in an action commenced against you in the aforesaid Court, oil the lMtli day of Aiigu-t, A. D. 1S56, wherein the said I’laiit ill's pi ays judgment against you, the said Defendants, for the sum of two thousand and seventy-live fid 100 dollars, costs of suit and money disbursements, being amount due on a promissory note made and executed us set forth in sa d l’laintilf's Complaint. II you fail to answ er sa il complaint as In rein direeted. the 1 Mini tilt's will take judgment against you by dr fault, lor said mnoiiut of $2,075 bd lull, costs of sail and mom y disbursements, as in said Complaint demand! d. Given tinder my Imml and the Seal nf the District Court of the Fflcenth Juilij ( eial District, tliis Fourteenth day ol i *" i November in (he year of our Lord one —thousand eight liuudrc d and llfty-six. II. J. SEAMAN, Clerk. Bull, Uukcr A Robbing, I District Court I5th vs. I Judicial District James O. Walking, Chester i State of California Witter. f County of Trinity, t hi i -ailing the aillduvil of W. Robbins, and on examination of the papers now on file in the District Court of Trinity County in the cause, it is ordered that service he made on each of the above named Defendants by publication of (he summons in tlie above cause, once a week for the period of three months in the Trinity Jam nnl, a newspaper printed and published in Weavcnille, Trinity County California. R. T. VII.EEll, 'County Judge, Trinity County California. Attest: II. J. Shaman, Clerk of the loth Judicial District Court. Trinity County. Weaver, Nov. 15th, 185fi. 43tf. JESSE RHODES, 12 £ U 112 \VFA\ FIO ILLE, HIGHEST licit i: I’A III FOR GOLD III ST. kx(i Fa nge ON ALL THE ATLANTIC CITIES!! c t r i; < i iv s a t par Oii San Francisco, Sacramt nlo A Minsta. Special and General Deposits Received! ! tc i. despatch REGI LAIt Seml-Wocklj Me« \ V si tigers from our office in Shasta for Red Bluffs, Tehama, < hoi ille, Marysville, Sucrutueuto and Sun Francisco. TltE ASl H K packages and parcels taken at red net'll rates. Office ill Han Francisco with Wines A Co.. No. 1 Is .Sacramento Street. 1,11 < > I) l '.S> A. ( ». JNo. ANDERSON, Agent. Weaver, Nov. 1,185(1. ll-tf. SAWYER S EXPRESS ! n n e c t i n g at W e a v c r v i 11 o with I'. \V. II I.AKIl k Co.’s Kx press. i r ll,E run a Weekly Express to and from the V follow ing places : i ('ANON CREEK, MANZINETA, Gil.I.IYIIAVS, CON’S BAR, KTII FORK LITTLE DRAIR1E, ; FEAT, TAYLOR’S FLAT, i BAR, CANADIAN BAR. ’aekages and letters forwarded at the regular us. Collections and orders promptly attend, d Letters obtained from any l*ost or Express ce in the State. :«t-< intern from < Filar Flat, Dixon's Bar. Burnt ieh, New River, nr South Fork, sent to J. L. ike, Taylor's I lat, will be punctually attendlo. U H.


The Drive West: Emergence of California as a Destination for American Emigration

  The Drive West The article discusses the rapid increase in emigration to California and Oregon following the successful annexation of Texa...