Historical Lens on Communication and Economic Growth in Mid-19th Century California

The article discusses the formation of a new joint stock company by former employees of Adams & Co. for the purpose of conducting a general express and forwarding business in California, Oregon, and the Pacific Coast. The company will operate independently from banks or bankers and will run regular express services to various locations. The company's founders are experienced expressmen and pledge to provide prompt and efficient service to the public.

Communications and Economic Growth

The article provided reveals a fascinating snapshot of the economic landscape and societal shifts occurring on the Pacific Coast of the United States during the mid-19th century, particularly in the aftermath of the Gold Rush. The formation of the "Pacific Express Company" by former employees of Adams & Company showcases the resilience and entrepreneurial spirit that characterized this era.

Economic Context

The Gold Rush, which began in 1848, brought a surge of population and economic activity to California, prompting the establishment of numerous businesses to serve the needs of miners and settlers. The formation of the Pacific Express Company is a direct response to the increased demand for logistics and communication in an area that was growing rapidly. The article states, "LATE EMPLOYEES OF ADAMS & Co., in consequence of the disruption of that Firm, have organized themselves into a JOINT STOCK COMPANY," indicating that the instability of existing operations created opportunities for new enterprises.

Express Services and Communication

The express services detailed in the article reflect the crucial role that reliable transportation and communication systems played in connecting remote regions. As stated, "The Business will be strictly and solely a Forwarding one, having no connection with BANKS OR BANKERS, and will be conducted on safe and economical principles." This assurance of safety and economy was likely aimed at gaining the trust of a clientele that was wary of potential scams and mismanagement during this chaotic period.

Moreover, the Pacific Express Company promised a "REGULAR EXPRESS for Freight, Small Parcels aud Letters, to and from the ATLANTIC STATES, By every Steamer," highlighting the importance of intercontinental trade and communication. The mention of regular schedules catered to the needs of both personal and commercial correspondence, which was vital for both local and wider networks amid the transient population of miners and merchants.

 Competition and Connections

The competitive atmosphere is evident as multiple express companies, including Raveley's Express, are mentioned as part of a broader network for transporting goods and information. Raveley’s is notably linked to the Pacific Express Company, suggesting that cooperation among various service providers was essential in covering the expansive geography of California and its northern territories. The article specifies, "Will run a regular and reliable Express from WEAVERVILLE To OREGON GULCH," emphasizing the interconnected nature of these businesses and their collective attempts to service the burgeoning demands of miners.

Community Engagement and Customer Assurance

The emphasis on community trust is encapsulated in the phrase, "solicit a fair share of the favors of the Public—pledging themselves to exert their best endeavors." This reflects an understanding of the need for customer loyalty and public goodwill in an enterprise where reliability was paramount. The founders’ confidence in their experience is reinforced by stating, "They think they are not saying too much, when they attribute much of the success of the late firm of Adams & Co., in the Express Business, to THEIR EXERTIONS AND PERSONAL ENERGIES," underscoring their reputation and prior relationships in the market.

 Conclusion

The establishment of the Pacific Express Company in 1854 embodies both the opportunities and challenges of its time, rooted in the socio-economic upheaval following the Gold Rush. It speaks to the dynamic business climate of the period, alongside the significance of trustworthy transportation solutions in supporting communication and commerce in an era marked by rapid change. Overall, this article serves as a valuable document for understanding not only the specific company but also the larger historical forces at play during the mid-19th century in the United States.

 The Emergence of the Pacific Express Company

The mid-19th century was a tumultuous yet transformative period in American history, characterized by westward expansion, the California Gold Rush, and a rapidly evolving economy. Against this dynamic backdrop, the Pacific Express Company was founded by former employees of the beleaguered Adams & Co. As highlighted in a 1846 article by *The Californian*, the new company aimed to deliver a reliable express and forwarding service across California, Oregon, and the broader Pacific Coast—addressing a crucial need in a territory defined by vast distances and scattered settlements.

In this blog post, we will delve into the significance of the Pacific Express Company's establishment and its broader impact on California's economic landscape. We will explore how express delivery became vital in the burgeoning commercial world, examine the nuances of communication during this pivotal era, and consider how institutions like the Pacific Express Company helped shape the region's evolving identity and infrastructure.

The Birth of the Pacific Express Company

The Pacific Express Company emerged in response to the disintegration of Adams & Co., which had previously captured a substantial customer base in the express business. As articulated in *The Californian*, the new venture was designed as a joint-stock company "for the purpose of conducting a general express & forwarding business." This initiative was spearheaded by individuals known in the community for their experience and reliability: "The parties who have organized this Company are well known in the community as old and experienced Expressmen."

This emphasis on familiarity and trust underscores the importance of confidence among clients during an era when reliable communication and transport were essential for business integrity. In California’s rough-and-tumble mining communities, where fortunes could shift overnight, a trustworthy delivery service could mean the difference between success and failure for local merchants, miners, and entrepreneurs. The Express Company’s commitment to "safe and economical principles" resonated with a growing population eager to links goods both into, and out of, an ever-evolving economy.

The Infrastructure of Communication

The operations of the Pacific Express Company represent a time when communication was undergoing a critical transformation. Travel and communication methods were still in their infancy, creating a vital need for businesses specializing in express mailing to bridge existing gaps. According to the article, the company pledged to provide a reliable service with deliveries scheduled "daily, at regular hours"—a revolutionary promise in an era characterized by the unpredictable nature of travel across California's rugged terrain.

Each new branch connection, whether to Sacramento, San Jose, or even to the rest of the world via steamer service, signified the company's ambition to integrate isolated regions into a cohesive economic entity. For example, the connections between "the Northern Mines" and "the Southern Mines" reflect a deep understanding among the founders—the necessity of interlinking these economic segments to maximize profit and minimize disruption.

Express companies like the Pacific Express were not merely logistical undertakings; they symbolized California's transformation from a remote outpost to a crucial hub in the growing national economy. Their services not only facilitated commerce but also fostered social bonds among communities, paving the way for an era of rapid information exchange that would set the stage for modern business practices, resonating with trends still prevalent in today's fast-paced digital landscape.

The Gold Rush: A Catalyst for Economic Development

The backdrop of the California Gold Rush played a vital role in elevating the express business to prominence. This monumental event triggered a massive influx of people—prospectors, merchants, and traders—into California, creating urgent demands for expedited transport of goods and facilitating personal correspondence between those seeking opportunities in the West and their friends or family left behind.

The Pacific Express Company’s operations, notably their commitment to "collections of all kinds," highlighted their acute awareness of the shifting dynamics. Economic migration required swift transport methods not only for physical goods but also for essential financial transactions and messages. As such, express companies became the backbone of this new economy, maintaining material connectivity and meeting the emotional needs of individuals longing to stay connected in an ever-changing landscape.

Particularly noteworthy is the assertion in the article that "the express will be strictly and solely a forwarding one, having no connection with banks or bankers." This statement reveals a strategic navigation of the financial landscape, emphasizing reliability and neutrality in service delivery. By positioning itself as a trusted intermediary, the Pacific Express Company garnered favor from a diverse clientele, many of whom were wary of exploitative or distant institutions.

Building Community Ties through Commerce

Commerce and personal relationships were—and still are—intricately woven together. The Pacific Express Company was not merely a commercial entity; it served as a vital facilitator of social connections. In a land where communities sprang up quickly in response to economic opportunities, these express services reinforced the social fabric by enabling the free flow of letters, news, and goods.

The inclusion of services such as "collections made, orders received, and packages forwarded with Promptness and Despatch" indicates a keen understanding of the social needs of the time. People were eager for news from home; every letter transported by the Pacific Express Company represented a lifeline, connecting individuals to their families, aspirations, and communities. Thus, the company contributed not just to financial transactions but to the emotional well-being of those navigating the vast, uncertain frontier.

The Broader Economic Context and Legacy

Examining the establishment of the Pacific Express Company within a broader economic framework reveals its role in a larger narrative about the evolution of American commerce and communication. The rapid westward expansion following the Gold Rush demanded efficient transport and delivery systems; failure to adapt could have led to stagnation.

Even as technology advanced through innovations like telegraphy and telephony, the principles established by companies like the Pacific Express endured. Reliability, punctuality, and trustworthiness became the core tenets that customers would come to expect in commercial transactions. These foundational principles later influenced the development of systems like the United States Postal Service, which also emerged during the express business boom of the mid-19th century.

Tracing the lineage from the Pacific Express Company to contemporary delivery services today reveals a continued necessity for fast and reliable communication and transport. Modern equivalents—such as FedEx and UPS—carry forward that very ethos, providing prompt, dependable service in a world that demands immediacy.

 Conclusion: Reflections on the Past and the Present

The establishment of the Pacific Express Company offers valuable insights into the intertwined realms of communication, commerce, and community in mid-19th century California. As former employees of Adams & Co. united to create an enterprise that fostered communication and trade, they laid the groundwork for the larger narrative of continental expansion and economic growth.

Reflecting on this historical episode allows us to appreciate commerce not merely as transactional but as a web of connections that binds communities and families together, even amidst rapid change and uncertainty. The express companies of the past were more than just businesses—they were lifelines that knitted together the early fabric of community and commerce in a vast and often inhospitable frontier.

As we navigate our highly interconnected world today, we must remember the foundational ties initiated by pioneers like those who established the Pacific Express Company. The enduring values of trust, promptness, and community remain timeless, essential in bridging distances—both physical and emotional—as we continue to connect with one another in our ever-evolving society.

Key Phrases:

1. 'Pacific Express Company' - This company played a crucial role in the development of express delivery services in 19th century California. For further reading, see the article on the history of the Pacific Express Company from [California Historical Society](https://californiahistoricalsociety.org/).

2. 'California Gold Rush' - The Gold Rush significantly impacted economic development in California and the United States. To learn more about its effects, refer to this article by [National Park Service](https://www.nps.gov/goldrush/index.htm).

3. 'Economic Migration' - This term refers to the movement of people for economic opportunities, particularly during the Gold Rush era. For a comprehensive study, explore the research from [Pew Research Center](https://www.pewresearch.org/).

4. 'Express Delivery Services' - A key component of the evolving commercial infrastructure, express services facilitated trade and communication. For detailed insights, see [The History of Parcel Delivery](https://www.britannica.com/topic/parcel-delivery) on Encyclopedia Britannica.

5. 'Communication in the 19th Century' - Understanding communication methods of that time is crucial to grasping its economic implications. For more information, read about the [Telegraph System](https://www.archives.gov/exhibits/american_originals/telegraph.html) from the National Archives.

6. 'Impact of Infrastructure on Economy' - Infrastructure developments were vital for economic growth in emerging regions. For further exploration, see the article on [Transportation Infrastructure](https://www.worldbank.org/en/topic/transport/overview) from the World Bank.

7. 'Social Bonds through Commerce' - This concept illustrates the relationship between economic activities and community building. For a deeper understanding, refer to the studies in [Community Development Through Commerce](https://www.rurdev.usda.gov/rd/Community_Dev.htm) by the USDA.

8. 'Evolution of American Commerce' - This outlines the changes in commerce and economic practices over time. To learn more, consult this report on the [Commercial Evolution](https://hbr.org/2018/02/the-evolution-of-commerce) from Harvard Business Review.

**Citation**: The Californian
- EXPRESSES. "PACIFIC" EXPRESS COMPANY. THE, 1855-04-28
https://cdnc.ucr.edu/ University of California Riverside Digital Newspaper Archive


Original Article:

LATE EMPLOYEES OF ADAMS & Co., in consequence of the disruption of that Firm, have organized themselves into a JOINT STOCK COMPANY, under the above name and title, for the purpose of conducting a GENERAL EXPRESS & FORWARDING BUSINESS. In all its branches, throughout CALIFORN1A, OREGON, and the Pacific Coast generally. The Business will be strictly and solely a Forwarding one, having no connection with BANKS OR BANKERS, and will be conducted on safe and economical principles. The EXPRESSES will leave the Office at the north west corner of* Washington and Montgomery streets, DAILY, at REGULAR HOURS, for SACRAMENTO, and the Northern Mines; STOCKTON, and the Southern Mines: SAN JOSE, SAN JUAN & SANTA CRUZ; MONTEREY, SAN PEDRO, and the Southern Coast generally, as well us to the NORTHERN COAST OF CALIFORNIA and to OREGON. We will also run a REGULAR EXPRESS for Freight, Small Parcels aud Letters, to and from the ATLANTIC STATES, By every Steamer. The parties who have organixed this Company, are well known in the community as old and EXPERIENCED EXPRESSMEN, and hope it will be acknowledged generally, UNDERSTAND THEIR BUSINESS thoroughly. They think they are not saying too much, when they attribute much of the success of the late firm of Adams & Co., in the Express Business, to THEIR EXERTIONS AND PERSONAL ENERGIES. In conclusion, they would solicit a fair share of the favors of the Public—pledging themselves to exert their best endeavors to transact such business as may be entrusted to them, in a prompt and business-like manner. ☞Collections of all kinds will be promptly attended to on any of the Points mentioned above. R. G. NOYES, President. RAVELEY'S EXPRESS, CONNECTING WITH The Pacific Express Company. To all parts of the Northern and Southern mines, and to the Atlantic States and Europe W E E K L Y . Will run a regular and reliable Express from. WEAVERVILLE To OREGON GULCH, PENSYLVANIA BAR, CANON CITY, or JACK-ASS BAR, ON STEWARTS FORK, BATES’ RANCH, MULE CREEK, DIGGER CREEK, MOONEY’S FERRY, And EASTMAN’S DIGGINGS, Collections made, orders received, and packages forwarded with Promptness and Despatch, Highest price paid for GOLD DUST. d9 tf S. W. RAVELEY. THE PACIFIC EXPRESS CO. keep constantly on hand, at their EXPRESS OFFICE, corner of Main and Court streets, a full supply OF THE LATEST ATLANTIC STATES & CALIFORNIA PAPERS, ALSO, FRENCH & GERMAN PAPERS. Weaverville. d23 tf HOTELS, Etc. AUSTIN HOTEL. HAVING opened this House in Weaver, the undersigned will endeavor to accommodatte the traveling public and permanent boarders with Board and Lodging equal to any in our town, or in Northern California. The Bar is furnished with the best of Liuors and Cigars. ☞Call and see us.☜ PATRICK O KEEFE. Weaverville. Dec. 13, 1854. d16 2 INDEPENDENCE HOTEL. THE subscribers having leased the above named Hotel, would respectfully inform their friends and the public generally that the House will be kept in a manner that will give satisfaction to all those who extend to him their patronage. The rooms are well furnished and convenient. The Tables will be furnished with the very best the market affords, regardless of expense. This department being under the superintendance of Mr. J. STANMORE, is a sure guarantee of satisfaction even to the most fastidious. The Bar is supplied with the best of Liquors. Customers will be accommodated at any hour of the day or night. G. BELCHER. J. STANMORE, d9 tf Proprietors. LICENSES! LICENSES!! All merchants, traders, and others, paying a License tax to the Treasurer of Trinity County, or his Deputy, will file the receipts given by him with the County Auditor of said County, and obtain the proper License thereon, on or before the 15th day of April next, otherwise they will be prosecuted for such neglect. All persons engaged in business in this County, required by law to be first licensed, will save cost to themselves by immediate attention to the License Tax Law. JOHN C. BURCH, Dist. Atty. Try. Co. WEAVERVILLE, Mar. 15. 1855.

 

A Nostalgic Journey Through the Express Banking Era and Its Abiding Influence

 

The article is an advertisement for an express and banking office in Weaver, California, connected with Wells, Fargo & Co. and Pacific Express Co. The services offered include collections, general express business, sight drafts on various cities, exchange for sale on Atlantic cities, drafts on Canada, and receiving special and general deposits. The office also buys gold dust at the highest market rate. Additionally, there are legal summons and court orders published in the article related to a lawsuit filed against James O. Watkins and Chester Witter. Another part of the article advertises Jesse Rhodes in Weaver offering high prices for gold dust and exchange services on Atlantic cities. Lastly, Sawyer's Express is mentioned, offering weekly express services to various locations and handling packages, letters. . . 

 

F.W. Blake & Co

Based on the provided text, it appears that the article is an advertisement for the services of various express and banking companies in the mid-19th century, most notably F. W. Blake & Co., which connected with prominent firms like Wells Fargo & Co., and Pacific Express Co in Shasta, California. The list of cities indicates a vast network spanning multiple states and providing banking services and transfers to those places.

One quote, "EXCHANGE FOR SALE ON THE FOLLOWING ATLANTIC CITIES" suggests that this was a period of punctilious economic transactions, both within and across state lines. The list of cities, including Chicago, New York, and many smaller towns, points to the integrative economy of the era. The advert also highlights the ability to exchange currency, even across national borders, when one notes the phrase, "DRAFTS ON CANADA, PAYABLE IN Montreal, Toronto,…"

Another section appears to detail a legal summons involving financial issues, detailing a pending legal case and asserting "You are hereby summoned to answer the complaint…If you fail to answer said complaint as herein directed, the plaintiff's will take judgment against you by default…". This legal summons emphasizes that litigation and monetary disputes were a common aspect of financial enterprises of this era, pointing to an intertwined relationship between the legal and financial spheres in the managing of economic matters.

Meanwhile, the text's references to "GOLD DUST" and "HIGHEST PRICE PAID FOR GOLD DUST" indicate that this was during the Gold Rush period, given the significance of gold dust as a form of currency. This outlines the importance of gold during this era, which coincides with California's gold rush in the late 1840s and 1850s.

Overall, the original article provides important historical insight into mid-19th century banking, express, and legal methods, as well as the economic environment during the Gold Rush era in the United States, particularly in California.

Narrative Exposition:

Delving into the rich tapestry of the American financial sector history, we can uncover a fascinating deviation: a captivating document on the banking operations of F.W. Blake & Co. in the mid-19th century. This historic evidence offers us a unique vantage point to peer into our financial past, paving the path to appreciate the industry's boundless progress. Moreover, it highlights the enduring legacy of certain ancient frameworks that continue to fortify our contemporary financial establishments. This enlightening peek into the era illuminates not only the historical facts but also provides us with essential context central to understanding the intersection of modern-day corporations and trade.

In this intriguing document, dating approximately back to 1856, F.W. Blake & Co. emerges as a prominent pioneer in the realm of express banking in California. Collaborating with substantial firms like Wells, Fargo & Co., and Pacific Express Co., F.W. Blake & Co. navigated the critical undertakings of collections, sight drafts, and homegrown as well as international financial exchanges. A retrospective gaze reveals banking's early strides from local-scale operations to a widespread, and significantly, interstate entities.

Sifting through the document, we encounter listings of numerous Atlantic cities, signifying the impressive pan-national connections that express banking of the era, as exemplified by F.W. Blake & Co., was beginning to establish. Their services spanned cities as far-flung as Adrian, Michigan to Auburn, New York, thereby knitting together a nation still in the process of emerging in its full modern reflexivity.

What's remarkable is the sheer breadth of locations covered by F.W. Blake & Co. in the eastern United States. "EXCHANGE FOR SALE ON THE FOLLOWING ATLANTIC CITIES: Adrian, Mich, Alton, 111. Anderson. Ind... Cincinnati, Ohio, Cleveland, Ohio, Columbus, Ohio..." The onward list is a testament to their formidable reach.

Interestingly, their sphere of operations wasn't restricted to American soil. The document also mentions business operations in Canadian cities like Montreal, Toronto, and Quebec, reminiscent of the multi-pronged approach taken by most futuristic fin-tech firms and multinational banks today, centuries later.

The varied customer service offerings, including acceptance of both "Special and General Deposits," mirrors the customizability of contemporary banking. This significant cue underlines that the quest for superior customer service has always been the lifeblood of banking's evolution.

One might ponder, "how does a 19th-century express banking company hold relevance to our current financial landscape?" To resolve this query, we have to view the banking sector as a layered masterpiece, threaded together by ceaseless exploration, innovation and progress over centuries. Sure, the technology, regulations, and scope have experienced seismic shifts since F.W. Blake & Co.'s operations, but the objective has largely remained unwavering - to stimulate trade, ease financial transactions and foster economic equilibrium.

F.W. Blake & Co. found their footing during an era when America, and particularly the West Coast, were still in their nascent stages. A world away from today's mature markets, establishments like F.W. Blake & Co. played the role of pioneers in this new frontier, blazing the trails that are still trodden in today's financial landscape.

While the name F.W. Blake & Co. may have faded into historical obscurity, their legacy, along with that of countless other trailblazers, continues to resonate in the grand narrative of banking and finance. Understanding their contributions and learning from their practices does not just feed our historical curiosity but also imparts invaluable lessons, still salient in contemporary conditions.

The tale of pioneers like F.W. Blake & Co. showcases the unyielding determination, adaptability, and resourcefulness needed to thrive in an ever-changing landscape of finance and commerce. These early strides laid the groundwork, some of which still stands as the backbone of our current financial system.

Armed with a nuanced understanding of our financial heritage, we are better equipped to steer the future's course. As we stand on the brink of another transformative shift courtesy of digital innovation, reflecting on our financial history becomes paramount for insight, caution, and inspiration. The wisdom that lies inescapably embedded in the operations of firms like F.W. Blake & Co. can provide a navigational compass as we venture forward into the unchartered waters of the future economy.

References:
F. W. BLAKE &. CO’S EXPRESS & BANKING OFFICE. CONNECTING AT SHASTA WITH WELLS, FARGO & CO. & PACIFIC EXPRESS Co.

Key Phrases:

1. 'F.W. Blake & Co.' - This was a significant banking company in the mid-19th century in America. For more context, you might find relevant information in American financial history books or records, but direct sources are scarce online.

2. 'Wells, Fargo & Co.' - Wells Fargo is a notable American multinational financial services company. For further reading, see [Wells Fargo's History](https://www.wellsfargo.com/about/corporate/history).

3. 'Pacific Express Co.' - Pacific Express Co. was a prominent express service provider in the 19th century. For more information, check this article about [Express Companies in the 19th Century America](https://www.jstor.org/stable/1903103).

4. 'Express Banking in California' - The history of banking in California has helped shape the current financial landscape. For further reading, see this book titled [Banking in California](https://www.amazon.com/Banking-California-1850-1930-James-Schenk/dp/1933904800).

5. 'Atlantic cities' - The connections between Atlantic cities and the western United States in the 19th century demonstrate major financial routes. For further reading, see these articles on the [Economic History of the United States](https://www.econlib.org/library/Enc1/EconomicHistoryoftheUnitedStates.html).

6. 'Montreal, Toronto, and Quebec' - Meaningful Canadian connections to American express banking existed. For further reading, see the [History of Canadian Banking](https://www.bankofcanada.ca/2019/02/staff-analytical-note-2019-8/).

7. 'Special and General Deposits' - This kind of banking was common in the 19th century. For further reading, check this article [On the origins of savings](https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/business-history-review/article/origins-of-savings/7157A79362F1DF6AAC3912F24EA94D74).

8. 'Express & Banking Office' - Express and banking offices were typical establishments during the 19th-century American banking system. Further reading is recommended in this article on [History of Late 19th Century America](https://www.loc.gov/teachers/classroommaterials/presentationsandactivities/presentations/timeline/riseind/west/west.html).

9. 'Shasta' - Shasta might refer to a historic location important in 19th-century California financial history. Further reading about [Shasta in the Gold Rush](https://www.visitcalifornia.com/experience/shasta-cascade/).

**Citation**: Trinity Journal
- F. W. BLAKE &. CO.’S, 1856-11-29
https://cdnc.ucr.edu/ University of California Riverside Digital Newspaper Archive

Original Article:

EXPRESS Si BANKI1R OFFICE. CONNECTING AT SHASTA WITH WELLS,FARGO&Co., & PACIFIC KXIVKFSS Co. (COLLECTIONS nuulc. and n general Express j business attended to. SIGHT DRAFTS at par on SHASTA. MARYSVILLE. SACRAMENTO, and SAN FRANCISCO. WELLS, FARGO & CO. S EXCHANGE FOR SALE ON THE FOLLOWING ATLANTIC CITIES : Adrian, Mich, Alton, 111. Anderson. Ind. Amt Arbor, Mich. Auburn, N. V. Rutile Creek, Mich. Beloit, Win. lielvideve. 111. liiughumtoii. N. V. Bloomington. 111. Roston, Si ass. Bulfiilo, N. V. Burlington, Iowu, Cambridge, lnd. Canandaigua, N. V. t'hicngo, 111. Cincinnati, Ohio, l 'lovelund, < 'hio, ( olumbus, Ohio, Corning. N. V. Crawlordsville. Ind. Davenport. Iow u, Dayton, Ohio, Delaware. Ohio, Detroit, Mieli. Dowigiac. Mich. Dubmiue, Iowa, Dunkirk, N. S’. Elgin, 111. Elkhart, lnd. Elmira, N. Y. Elyra, Ohio, Erie. I’a. l oud du Lac, Wis. Fort Wayne, lnd. Freeport, 111. Freemont, Ohio, Galena, 111. Geneva, N. Y. Green Castle, Ind. Hamilton. Ohio, Indianapolis, lnd. Jackson, Mieli. Janesville, U is. Kalamazoo. Mieh. Kenosha, Wis. Kenton, ()hio, K. okuk, Iowa, l.a Fayette, 1 1 id. I. Salle, lnd. Lewiston, N. Y. l.uekporl. N. Y. J. Ky. Madison, \\ is. Mansfield, Ohio, 1 Marion, Ohio, !Marshall, Mieh. {Michigan City, lnd. 1 Middletown. Ohio, {Milwaukee, Wis. ;Monroe, Mieli. ; tit. Vernon. Ohio, 'Newark, (V ] xew York. N. Y. : Niagara Falls, N. Y. ' Niles, Mieh. { Norwalk. O. < iberlin.O. ; )sw ego. N. Y. { iwego, N. Y. i/ainesville, O. D’coria, 111. Peru, til. {i’eru, lnd. h’hiladelphin, Fa. L’iqual O. {Routine. Mieh. iRottsville, l’a. Providence, R. I. ; Quincy, 111. {Racine, Wis. Heading. Da. {Richmond, lnd. .Rochester, N. Y. j Rockford, HI. jliock Island, ill. j-iandusky, O. -heboygan, Wis. ; sidney, O. j silver Creek, N. Y. I south l’.eml, lnd. I spriilgllebl. 111. ■Springfield, O. Ht. Soltis, Mo. ; Stonington, Conn. 'Syracuse, N. Y. ' l’erre Haute, Ind. ! i'ifllin, o. j folcdo. O. i t’roy, 0. Crbanu. O. D'tiea, N. Y. (iVaukegan. 111. i t esttield, N. \ . < Vest Liberty, O. j Vinchestcr, lnd. ! Xeniu, O. \ i psilunti, Mieh. ' .ane.'Ville. O. I DRAFTS ON CANADA, l’AYAJ’.EE IN Montreal, Toronto, St. Catharines, Quebec, London, Chatham, Hamilton, Dranttord. Spccixil .ansi General Deposits lUceivrd. (; < > 1 . 1 > DUST not OUT AT Tilt: IIIOIILST MMIKF.T HATCH. Offick Iii new Fire-I’roof Jiuilding, 2 doors above the Independence Hotel. F. W. BLAKE & CO. Weaver, Del. 25, IS,50. 40-tf. w He \ win n»ih « » ***» • STATE OF CALIFORNI A, I County of Trinity, j ' ’ In the District Court of the 15th Jud. Dist. Hull, Haker -V I(obbiiir, I'luintiffs , vs Watkins ami Wilier, litfeiulanlt. rn II E I’EOl’I.i; OF THE STATE OF CALII FORMA. To JAMES O. WATKINS and CHESTER WITTER : You are hereby summon >d to answer the complaint of Alplieas Dull, George D. Iluki r and William Robbins, filcu against you, as follows : If l i ved on you in this County, w ithin ten days ; if served out of said County and in this Judicial District within twenty days; in all other eases within forty days, in each case exclusive of the day of such service, in an action commenced against you in the aforesaid Court, oil the lMtli day of Aiigu-t, A. D. 1S56, wherein the said I’laiit ill's pi ays judgment against you, the said Defendants, for the sum of two thousand and seventy-live fid 100 dollars, costs of suit and money disbursements, being amount due on a promissory note made and executed us set forth in sa d l’laintilf's Complaint. II you fail to answ er sa il complaint as In rein direeted. the 1 Mini tilt's will take judgment against you by dr fault, lor said mnoiiut of $2,075 bd lull, costs of sail and mom y disbursements, as in said Complaint demand! d. Given tinder my Imml and the Seal nf the District Court of the Fflcenth Juilij ( eial District, tliis Fourteenth day ol i *" i November in (he year of our Lord one —thousand eight liuudrc d and llfty-six. II. J. SEAMAN, Clerk. Bull, Uukcr A Robbing, I District Court I5th vs. I Judicial District James O. Walking, Chester i State of California Witter. f County of Trinity, t hi i -ailing the aillduvil of W. Robbins, and on examination of the papers now on file in the District Court of Trinity County in the cause, it is ordered that service he made on each of the above named Defendants by publication of (he summons in tlie above cause, once a week for the period of three months in the Trinity Jam nnl, a newspaper printed and published in Weavcnille, Trinity County California. R. T. VII.EEll, 'County Judge, Trinity County California. Attest: II. J. Shaman, Clerk of the loth Judicial District Court. Trinity County. Weaver, Nov. 15th, 185fi. 43tf. JESSE RHODES, 12 £ U 112 \VFA\ FIO ILLE, HIGHEST licit i: I’A III FOR GOLD III ST. kx(i Fa nge ON ALL THE ATLANTIC CITIES!! c t r i; < i iv s a t par Oii San Francisco, Sacramt nlo A Minsta. Special and General Deposits Received! ! tc i. despatch REGI LAIt Seml-Wocklj Me« \ V si tigers from our office in Shasta for Red Bluffs, Tehama, < hoi ille, Marysville, Sucrutueuto and Sun Francisco. TltE ASl H K packages and parcels taken at red net'll rates. Office ill Han Francisco with Wines A Co.. No. 1 Is .Sacramento Street. 1,11 < > I) l '.S> A. ( ». JNo. ANDERSON, Agent. Weaver, Nov. 1,185(1. ll-tf. SAWYER S EXPRESS ! n n e c t i n g at W e a v c r v i 11 o with I'. \V. II I.AKIl k Co.’s Kx press. i r ll,E run a Weekly Express to and from the V follow ing places : i ('ANON CREEK, MANZINETA, Gil.I.IYIIAVS, CON’S BAR, KTII FORK LITTLE DRAIR1E, ; FEAT, TAYLOR’S FLAT, i BAR, CANADIAN BAR. ’aekages and letters forwarded at the regular us. Collections and orders promptly attend, d Letters obtained from any l*ost or Express ce in the State. :«t-< intern from < Filar Flat, Dixon's Bar. Burnt ieh, New River, nr South Fork, sent to J. L. ike, Taylor's I lat, will be punctually attendlo. U H.