Understanding Economic Governance: An Examination of "Proyecto para Quitar el Robo"

 

An Examination of "Proyecto para Quitar el Robo"

The article discusses the formation of a registry in Monterey to categorize residents by their possessions, occupation, and ability to support themselves. A jury will meet weekly to assess individuals' ability to provide for themselves, and those deemed unable will be required to find employment or face government-imposed labor as punishment.

The article titled "PROYECTO PARA QUITAR EL ROBO" presents a reform proposal in a historical context that reflects the social and economic challenges faced during its time. Though the specific date is not provided in the content excerpt, the language and structure suggest it originates from a period of transitional governance in the Spanish-speaking Americas, likely correlating with the colonial or early independence eras when social order and economic management were pressing concerns.


1. **Formation of a Census:** The article begins with a clear intent to create a census, or "padron," of the inhabitants of the Monterey jurisdiction. This census aims to document the heads of households, their ages, family members, land ownership, and other economic indicators. The intent to record "los cabezas de casa, nombres, edades, y familia" reflects a growing awareness of the need to organize and manage the population for sociopolitical and economic governance.

2. **Judicial Oversight:** The proposal includes weekly meetings of a jury to assess and classify individuals based on their economic status and ability to support themselves. The phrase "un jurado para que estecalifique las personas que por sus bienes ó su industria puedan buscar su manutencion" implies a system of oversight and social classification that can be interpreted as an early attempt to impose order within a potentially chaotic societal structure. This might reflect anxieties about poverty and crime, which often plagued burgeoning jurisdictions during transitional periods.

3. **Work Obligations:** The harsh measures proposed for individuals not able to sustain themselves are worth highlighting. The article states that those who do not comply with the qualifications would be compelled to serve a master or face imprisonment for being "vagos" (vagrants). This point reveals significant societal tensions about poverty and the responsibility of the state, echoing prevalent attitudes that viewed poverty as a personal failing rather than a systemic issue. The phrase “exigera por la autonidad buscar a quien servir” emphasizes the government's role in enforcing labor and potentially foreshadows policies that would echo in later labor laws and social welfare systems.

Historical Context:
This proposal likely arises from a time when colonial administrations faced increasing challenges in governance as economic systems shifted, and societal structures evolved. The mechanisms of control, such as taxation, labor registration, and population management through censors, were crucial for managing resources and maintaining public order.

In parallel, this article aligns with broader trends seen in 18th and 19th-century legislation in colonial and developing nations where authorities attempted to address the emerging issues of poverty and vagrancy amidst economic fluctuations. These mechanisms laid the groundwork for future social policies as societies sought to balance economic survival with social stability.

Overall, this piece highlights the interplay of economic hardship, social responsibility, and institutional authority, encapsulating a critical moment in the socio-political landscape of Monterey's jurisdiction, indicative of wider developments throughout Latin America's historical landscape during times of change.

Understanding Economic Governance: An Examination of "Proyecto para Quitar el Robo"

In the realm of historical journalism, few publications resonate as deeply as *The Californian*, particularly during the transformative years between 1846 and 1848. This period, marked by the tumultuous approach of the Gold Rush and significant shifts in governance, provides an intriguing backdrop for understanding how society grappled with change and the challenges that accompanied it. One article, "Proyecto para Quitar el Robo," stands out as a compelling reflection of its time, outlining a proposed plan to regulate the population and address concerns surrounding vagabondage and labor within Monterey’s jurisdiction.

The Historical Context of Monterey: A Backdrop for Transformation

In the mid-19th century, Monterey emerged as an epicenter of political, economic, and social upheaval. Following the Mexican-American War, the city transitioned from Mexican to U.S. governance in 1846, ushering in dramatic changes in administration, culture, and economic opportunities. The Gold Rush of 1849 would further alter the landscape, drawing waves of immigrants and fortune seekers. This influx sparked both competition and conflict, as resources became increasingly scarce and social structures evolved alongside rapidly shifting demographics.

Amidst such volatility, the economic landscape demanded a new urgency for regulation. The proposal at the heart of "Proyecto para Quitar el Robo" underscores this urgency as it seeks to impose order upon a chaotic environment. As people’s lives faced upheaval from the allure of gold, the government confronted the challenge of transitioning from rudimentary systems to more organized structures capable of accommodating an expanding population.

A Closer Look at the Proyecto

The article outlines a three-part plan aimed at creating a registry system to categorize individuals within a designated jurisdiction. Let’s delve into the plan's key components:

**1. Creation of a Registry**

The first element of the proposal emphasizes establishing a comprehensive registry, or "padrón," of all heads of households in Monterey's jurisdiction. This document aimed to capture personal details, household composition, land ownership, and goods—providing a nuanced understanding of the community's workforce and socioeconomic status. The implications of the registry are multifaceted:

- **Social Order:** By tracking heads of households, authorities sought to clarify population dynamics, emphasizing family structures' foundational role in societal organization.

- **Wealth Distribution:** Documenting land and assets allowed for a deeper insight into Monterey's economic landscape, which could inform future taxation or economic policies—an urgent need due to the wealth influx and potential disparities.

- **Identifying Vulnerability:** The registry served as a tool for recognizing vulnerable populations, those without property or formal employment, who might be particularly susceptible to vagabondage and poverty.

**2. Weekly Jury Qualification**

The proposal moves forward with the idea of establishing a weekly jury tasked with qualifying individuals based on their economic means—be it property, skills, or trade. This juried qualification reflects an early attempt at labor assessment during a time when communities were wrestling with their new dynamics. The jury, likely composed of local authorities or community leaders, would evaluate residents’ economic viability, indicating a move toward systematizing workforce deployment. Such measures reveal a concern for legitimizing the labor force in economically turbulent times.

As mentioned in the article, “a los individuos que queden calificados no poder subsistir de la manera que hoy lo hacen,” signifying a call for individuals who could not support themselves to find employment under scrutiny from a newly established governance structure.

**3. Mandating Employment through Authority**

The final component of the proposal mandates that individuals deemed unable to support themselves either find employment or face the prospect of laboring for the government. This authoritative directive highlights broader societal attitudes toward work ethic and productivity during this transformative age.

The implications of this mandate are significant, painting a harsh picture of societal views on labor. It suggests little compassion for those facing dire circumstances; labor and economic output were closely tied to personal worth. Those who could not secure employment or demonstrate a source of income were often labeled as "vagos," carrying connotations of moral failing rather than critiques of the societal framework.

Economic Action vs. Social Compassion

"Proyecto para Quitar el Robo" encapsulates a broader tension between economic governance and humanitarian impulses within society. While the government sought to establish order, formalize economic relationships, and regulate vagabondage, the shifting demographics and hardships faced by various populations cannot be overlooked.

The core of the proposal reveals 19th-century anxieties regarding poverty and work ethic, highlighting society's struggle with individual responsibility amid definitions of social welfare. Historically, responses to poverty often leaned toward control rather than support, reflecting enduring attitudes evident even today.

In our contemporary context, ongoing debates surrounding social safety nets, minimum wage laws, and unemployment support echo these past discussions. The struggles of vulnerable populations often trigger coercive governmental measures rather than compassionate solutions. This cyclical nature of history serves as a reminder of how our frameworks persistently grapple with the same issues, cast in different contexts and terminology.

The Lasting Legacy of Governance Proposals

The insights captured in "Proyecto para Quitar el Robo" can be viewed as precursors to modern labor laws and social policies governing economic behavior and public welfare. Although the methodologies and sentiments have evolved, the fundamental themes of labor, worth, and social governance remain active topics in today’s discourse.

History subtly reminds us of the values we adopt as societal frameworks inevitably shift. The measures aimed at imposing social order in 1840s Monterey underscore an ongoing struggle between individual autonomy and collective responsibility—a dichotomy that remains pressing as modernization continuously raises critical questions about economic disparity, individual rights, and social welfare.

Conclusion: Reflecting on the Past to Shape the Future

Examining "Proyecto para Quitar el Robo" unveils the complexities of 19th-century socioeconomic reform and its unintended repercussions. This analysis deepens our understanding of governance, societal norms, and the economic imperatives that have shaped contemporary civilization.

As we reflect on these historical lessons, we recognize the roots of current policies and debates—echoes of enduring themes surrounding order, labor, and the balance between compassion and enforcement. This dialogue continues to evolve, reminding us that the past informs our present. It offers vital insights that could guide future actions toward crafting humane governance structures that address economic disparity while fostering a society built on compassion and dignity.

Ultimately, exploring this historical text allows us to grasp not only the nuances of past policies but also how they resonate within today's world. It underscores the importance of approaching economic governance with empathy, acknowledging that the socioeconomic struggles we witness are often interconnected, albeit veiled in different contexts through the ages. The challenge lies not merely in remembering our past but in actively learning from it—to cultivate a society that harmonizes individual responsibility with collective welfare, infused with compassion and dignity for all.

Key Phrases:

1. **Historical Journalism and Governance During the Gold Rush**
For further reading on the impact of historical journalism during transformative periods, see [The Role of Journalism in Political Change](https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.5325/journaofcinema.16.1.0037).

2. **Cholera and Public Health in the 19th Century**
For insights into the public health responses to cholera outbreaks, refer to the [CDC’s Historical Public Health Timeline](https://www.cdc.gov/nchhstp/healthdisparities/trends/cholera.html).

3. **Mexican-American War and Social Change**
For an overview of the Mexican-American War and its consequences on society, check out [PBS: The Mexican-American War](https://www.pbs.org/kera/usmexicanwar/).

4. **Economic Regulation Post-Gold Rush**
For a deeper dive into economic regulation during the Gold Rush era, see [California Gold Rush: Economic Impacts](https://www.history.com/topics/westward-expansion/gold-rush).

5. **Socioeconomic Structures in 19th-Century Monterey**
Read more about the socioeconomic changes in Monterey during this period at [Historically Monterey: 1840s](https://montereyhistory.org/).

6. **Labor Systems and Governance in 19th Century California**
For research on labor systems and economic governance practices, view [The Evolution of Labor Laws in California](https://scholarship.law.berkeley.edu/facpubs/417).

7. **Vagabondage as a Social Issue**
For scholarly articles on the concept of vagabondage and its historical implications, see [Social Marginality and the Concept of the Vagabond](https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.5325/journaofcinema.20.1.0037).

8. **The Concept of Social Order in Economic Terms**
Explore the role of social order in economic theory at [The Relationship Between Social Order and Economic Systems](https://www.americascience.org/).

9. **Employment Mandates in Historical Context**
For a broader understanding of employment mandates and their evolution, see [A Brief History of Employment Law](https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/employment_law).

10. **Historical Perspectives on Poverty and Social Welfare**
To learn about the historical perspectives on poverty and social welfare mechanisms, see [Poverty in America: A Historical Perspective](https://www.pewresearch.org/social-trends/2020/10/29/poverty-in-america-a-historical-perspective/).

These key phrases and sources will aid in deepening your understanding of the various dimensions raised in the text regarding economic governance, societal transformations, and historical contexts.

**Citation**: The Californian,

- PROYECTO PARA QUITAR EL ROBO.—1st., 1846-10-03
https://cdnc.ucr.edu/ University of California Riverside Digital Newspaper Archive

Original Article:

Se formara un padron de toda la jurisdiccion de Monterey divida en casillas en las que espliguen los cabezas de casa, nombres, edades, y familia que tengan que mantener, el terreno que posean, casa y numero de bienes en el campo, y los que no tengan bienes el oficio ó industria, de que subsisten. 2. Despues de hecho el padron se reunira un dia todas las semanas un jurado para que estecalifique las personas que por sus bienes ó su industria puedan buscar su manutencion con hourados. 3. A los individuous que queden calificados no poder subsistir de la manera que hoy lo hacen se les exigera por la autonidad buscar a quien servir presentando en el termino de un mes un documente de su amo, y de no cumplir, ponerlos a trabajar por el gobierno en prison como vagos. UN PAISANO.

The Land of Opportunity: A 19th Century Perspective on the City of Francisca and Its Legacy

The City of FRANCISA

Lots in the City of Francisca will be auctioned off on June 24, 1847. The city is located at the Straits of Carquinez, with a bay large enough for 200 ships to anchor safely. The area is described as the best agricultural portion of California, with easy access to trade routes. The proprietors have allocated funds for education and city embellishment. Traders, merchants, and mechanics are invited to explore the area, with promises of superior climate and opportunities for development.

The article titled "GREAT SALE OF CITY LOTS" presents a promotional notice for an impending land auction in a newly-platted city called Francisca, which appeared to be an ambitious attempt to capitalize on the burgeoning economic opportunities afforded by California's post-Gold Rush transformation. Dated April 20, 1847, this document provides critical insight into the converging factors that shaped urban development in California during the mid-19th century, particularly around the San Francisco Bay area.

The announcement outlines various logistical details relevant to potential buyers, such as the physical dimensions of the lots—"The Lots FITY [FIFTY] YARDS FRONT & FORTY YARDS BACK"—and the attractive financial terms, which included "one half cash; one fourth in one year; and one fourth in two years." This installment plan was likely designed to entice a broader range of investors who might be wary of the large upfront costs associated with land purchases. It is notable that there was a "Twenty-five per cent deduction...for those who improve and settle in the city within the first year," indicating an early understanding of the need to stimulate growth through incentivizing settlement and development.

From a geographical perspective, the article articulately describes Francisca's advantageous location: "FRANCISCA is situated at the Straits of Carquinez, on the North side of the Bay of San Francisco." This area was seen as a vital juncture for trade and transportation, as it offered "the entire trade of the great Sacramento and San Joaquin Valleys...must of necessity pass through the narrow channel of Carquinez and the Bay." The promise of economic prosperity through trade was a common theme in the promotions of developing towns during this period, as cities vied to become the nexus of commerce.

Furthermore, the article paints an idyllic picture of the regional climate and agricultural capability: “THE COUNTRY ARROUND THE CITY, is the best Agricultural portion of California.” This assertion was essential in attracting settlers who were not only looking for urban opportunities but also for fertile lands that could sustain their livelihoods. By calling attention to Francisca as a hub for both trade and agriculture, the proprietors effectively set the stage for a community that promised growth in multiple sectors.

Education was evidently a significant concern for the founders of Francisca, as they pledged "seventyfive per cent of the nett proceeds of the Ferries and Wharves, for a School fund and the embellishment of the City.” This focus on education shows a forward-thinking attitude toward community development; it suggests the proprietors recognized that sustainable growth relied not just on economic factors but also on the establishment of an educated populace. This connection is further cemented by their plans for “several entire squares for School purposes, and several others for public walks," recognizing the importance of public spaces in fostering a cohesive community.

The article, attributed to T. O. Larkin and R. Semple, is emblematic of wider trends in California during the mid-19th century, particularly as communities attempted to stake their claims amid increased migration and competition driven by the Gold Rush. Francisca, with its promising geographical location, attractive land sales, and commitment to education, represents the ambitious and optimistic spirit of this transformative period. As such, this narrative reflects not only the aspirations of the city’s founders but also the broader socio-economic dynamics that were reshaping California at the time.

The Land of Opportunity: A 19th Century Perspective on the City of Francisca and Its Legacy

In the captivating narrative of urban development, few stories are as enthralling as the rise of cities during transformative historical periods. The lure of land sales in emerging territories has long attracted ambitious investors, dreamers, and settlers seeking their fortunes. Among these aspirations lies the story of Francisca, a city whose announcement of lot sales in April 1847 serves as a poignant illustration of 19th-century optimism and foresight. This advertisement, published in *The Californian*, encapsulates the social, economic, and geographical significance of a developing urban landscape in post-Gold Rush California.

### Geography and Economic Potential of Francisca

Nestled at the northern side of the Bay of San Francisco, near the Straits of Carquinez, Francisca commanded a location advantageous for trade, agriculture, and navigation. As the United States expanded westward amidst the fervor of the California Gold Rush, it became clear that Francisca was poised to emerge as a vital trading post. The advertisement boldly proclaimed, “The entire trade of the great Sacramento and San Joaquin Valleys...must of necessity pass through the narrow channel of Carquinez.” This assertion not only highlighted the city's strategic role but also its potential to become a gateway to fertile lands and abundant resources.

As settlers flocked to California in search of gold and opportunity, the population dynamics transformed rapidly. Francisca became a crucial corridor for freight transport, thanks in part to its wide, navigable bay and thoughtfully planned streets, which measured “eighty feet wide” complemented by “alleyways twenty feet wide.” These features facilitated optimal movement and commerce, encouraging agricultural growth and solidifying Francisca's identity as a maritime hub.

Reflecting on this geographical overview reminds us of the essential role of transport and trade in urban planning—principles that remain vital to modern city development. The infrastructure of Francisca set a precedent for contemporary urban planners, who continue to prioritize accessibility and connectivity for residents and businesses alike.

### Urban Design and Settlement Patterns

The advertisement's vivid description of the city lots—“FITY [FIFTY] YARDS FRONT & FORTY YARDS BACK”—reveals an era where land ownership represented not merely wealth but also a gateway to personal growth and community establishment. Spanning an impressive five square miles, Francisca was envisioned for expansion and vitality, mirroring the entrepreneurial spirit of its time.

The terms for purchasing these lots demonstrated an understanding of prospective buyers' financial capabilities, necessitating a one-half cash payment for lots exceeding one hundred dollars and incorporating staggered payments designed to encourage long-term investment in the city's future. This structured payment model not only incentivized immediate settlement in Francisca but also fostered a community built on collaboration, progress, and education.

Moreover, the foresight of proprietors T.O. Larkin and R. Semple was evident in their promise of a “twenty-five percent deduction...for those who improve and settle in the city within the first year.” This initiative reflected an innovative approach to economic incentives for urban growth—strategies that resonate with the practices in urban development seen around the globe today.

### A Community Focused on Education and Improvement

What truly sets Francisca apart from its contemporaries is its unwavering commitment to education and public welfare. Notably, the advertisement emphasized the importance of education, allocating seventy-five percent of net proceeds from ferries and wharves for a school fund and city beautification efforts. Additionally, the designation of whole squares for educational purposes illustrated a transparent and ambitious vision for a thriving urban community.

This belief in the foundational role of education in societal growth resonates deeply with the ongoing discussions surrounding modern urban development. Today’s cities frequently face the challenge of prioritizing educational opportunities and community engagement, underscoring the principle that successful urban life is not solely rooted in commerce but also in nurturing an educated citizenry—a concept articulated as far back as 1847.

### Environmental Context and Climate Advantages

Expanding beyond economics and education, the advertisement touted Francisca's climate, inviting future residents to “experience the great superiority of climate, over any other portion of California.” The region's charming topography and coastal climate offered fertile grounds for farmers and settlers to realize their dreams. This focus on climate brings to light an often-overlooked dimension of urban planning—environmental sustainability.

As we confront the realities of climate change in contemporary urban discourse, it’s noteworthy that early settlers recognized and valued their local environment, understanding that a favorable climate could significantly enhance agricultural output and economic viability. This integral connection between the environment and urban growth remains a key exploration for today's cities as they strive for sustainable planning and responsible resource management.

### Francisca and the Gold Rush Era

To fully appreciate this narrative, one must also consider its context within the California Gold Rush, which commenced in 1848—just a year after the advertisement's publication. This influx of fortune seekers undoubtedly spurred rapid urban development along the coast, and while cities like San Francisco experienced explosive growth, Francisca was equally eager to capitalize on the sweeping changes revolutionizing the region.

The Gold Rush not only transformed California’s demographics and economy but also imposed immense pressures on infrastructure and local resources. In hindsight, the advertisement for Francisca reveals how its proprietors were astutely tapping into the potential of California's burgeoning economy, setting the stage for prospective investors to seize enticing growth opportunities.

Additionally, the planned layout of Francisca showcases a sophisticated grasp of urban design, subtly foreshadowing modern American cities. The sale of city lots not only symbolized land ownership but also embodied a structured approach to urban planning that would influence the development of cities for generations to come.

### Legacy of Urban Initiatives in Francisca

Although the name Francisca has faded into history, replaced by modern realities, its legacy endures in our understanding of urban growth and planning today. This aspiring city sought to create a balance among commerce, community, education, and environmental considerations—a holistic model many contemporary cities strive to emulate.

Francisca serves as a pivotal marker in the narrative of American expansionism and settlement. The dreams articulated in its early promotional materials underscore a national ethos that valued not only land acquisition but also the cultivation of vibrant communities grounded in education and commerce.

### Conclusion: Looking Back to Move Forward

As we reflect on the significance of this 1847 advertisement, we can’t help but admire the foresight of its authors—their astute understanding of urban planning, eagerness to invest in education, and unwavering commitment to fostering a thriving community. Urban designs today are increasingly complex as cities face challenges globally, yet the values embedded in the sale of city lots in Francisca remain deeply relevant.

The lessons drawn from history are vital. In this age of housing shortages, environmental crises, and educational inequities, the initiatives outlined in this advertisement from *The Californian* could serve as guiding principles as we navigate the road ahead. Much like the ambitious entrepreneurs who once sought their fortunes in Francisca, we too bear the responsibility of envisioning urban landscapes that will thrive in all dimensions of life.

By embracing these lessons, we can craft not just centers of commerce but enduring legacies rooted in a collective commitment to education, community, and sustainability—cornerstones of urban life that time cannot erase.

**Key Phrases:**

1. **'Land Sales in Emerging Territories'** - This refers to the economic practices during the expansion of the United States. For further reading, see this article on land sales and urban development in the 19th century from [Harvard University's Open Collections Program](https://ocp.hul.harvard.edu/).

2. **'Geography and Economic Potential of Francisca'** - Discusses the significance of geographical location in urban development. For more research on geographical impact on trade, consult this publication from the [Journal of Economic Geography](https://academic.oup.com/jeg).

3. **'California Gold Rush'** - A historical event that dramatically changed the demographics and economy of California. For a comprehensive overview, refer to the [California Gold Rush History](https://www.history.com/topics/westward-expansion/gold-rush).

4. **'Urban Design and Settlement Patterns'** - Focuses on the layout and planning of cities throughout history. For further information, explore this resource on [Urban Design Principles](https://www.pps.org/article/what-is-urban-design).

5. **'Community Focused on Education and Improvement'** - Emphasizes the importance of education in urban growth. For more reading, see this article on [Education's Role in Urban Development](https://www.ruralstudio.org/education-in-urban-planning/).

6. **'Environmental Context and Climate Advantages'** - Involves the relationship between urban planning and environmental conditions. For resources on this topic, read about [Sustainable Urban Development](https://www.un.org/en/observances/world-cities-day/sustainable-urban-development).

7. **'Legacy of Urban Initiatives in Francisca'** - Discusses the lasting impact of early urban planning on contemporary practices. For insights on historical urban initiatives, see [The Legacy of Urban Planning](https://www.planning.org/publications/report/).

8. **'Transport and Trade in Urban Planning'** - A key element of city development. For further insights, check the [Transportation Research Board](http://www.trb.org/) for studies on transport's influence on urban economies.

9. **'Challenges in Modern Urban Development'** - Looks at current issues faced by cities today. For a deep dive, explore this report on [Challenges Facing Urban Areas](https://www.urban.org/research/publication/challenges-facing-united-states-urban-areas).

10. **'Holistic Model of Urban Growth'** - Discusses a comprehensive approach to community and city development. For more on integrated urban planning strategies, see the [Institute for Urban Design](https://www.urban-design.org/).

**Citation**: The Californian
- GREAT SALE OF CITY LOTS., 1847-06-12
https://cdnc.ucr.edu/ University of California Riverside Digital Newspaper Archive

Original Article:

On THURSDAY, the 24th of JUNE 1847 the Lots in the City of FRANCISCA, will be offered for Sale, on the premises, to the highest bidder. A complete map of the City may be seen at Mr. O FARREL's office in Yerba Buena, and at Francisca The Streets are eighty feet wide, the Alleys twenty feet wide, and the Lots FITY [FIFTY] YARDS FRONT & FORTY YARDS BACK. The whole City comprises five square miles. TERMS. On all sums over one hundred dollars, one half cash; one fourth in one year; and one fourth in two years, the day of Sale. Twenty-five per cent deduction will be made in favor of those who improve and settle in the city within the first year, to be allowed on the last payment. FRANCISCA is situated at the Straits of Carquinez, on the North side of the Bay of San Francisco, about thirty miles from the mouth of the Bay, and at the head of Ship Navigation. That portion of the Bay known as the Suisun, lies between Francisca and the mouth of the Sacramento and San Joaquin; there is in Suisun Bay, probably three fathoms of water, but the channel is narrow and croocked [crooked], which would render it unsafe for Ship Navigation, but safe for Steam boats and small craft. Below Francisca, the channel is wide and straight, and the largest class of ships may pass in safety. IN FRONT OF THE CITY, is a commodious Bay, large enough for two hundred ships to ride at anchor, safe from any wind. THE COUNTRY ARROUND THE CITY, is the best Agricultural portion of California, on both sides of the Bay; the Straits being only one mile wide, an easy ending may always be made. The entire trade of the great Sacramento and San Joaquin Valleys, a fertile country of great width, and near seven hundred miles long, from North to South, must of necessity pass through the narrow channel of Carquinez and the Bay, and the country is so situated, that every person who passes from one side of the Bay to the other will find the nearest and best way by Francisca. The undersigned feel confident that they can offer advantages to TRADERS, MERCHANTS and MECHANICS, which they cannot find at any other point West of the Rocky Mountains, and they invite all persons, not only to make inquiry of the situation of the country, but to visit the place, that they may examine the location and experience the great superiority of climate, over any other portion of California. The undersigned, with an eye to the establishment of the best system of Education, have given seventyfive per cent of the nett proceeds of the Ferries and Wharves, for a School fund and the embellishment of the City, they have also laid out several entire squares for School purposes, and several others for public walks. T. O. LARKIN, R. SEMPLE. } Proprietors. San Francisco, April 20, 1847. 36-tf ——————